The sensitivity of fasting 08:00h blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) for detecting hyperglycaemia in the early post-kidney transplant period may be impaired as peak prednisolone-induced hyperglycaemia occurs up to 8h post-dose. Hence, there may be a role for afternoon patient-monitored capillary blood glucose (CapBG) screening. Beyond 6-8 weeks erythropoietin and haematocrit begin to normalise increasing the utility of HbA1c testing. Using a cross sectional study design we aimed to compare the sensitivity of afternoon CapBG screening, FBG, HbA1c and OGTT for detecting hyperglycaemia 6 weeks post-transplantation, and to compare the sensitivity of HbA1c, FBG and OGTT in detecting hyperglycaemia 3 and 12 months post-transplantation. Kidney transplant recipients without diabetes aged between 18-75 years on a tacrolimus based immunosuppressive regimen were approached for consent when they reached 6 weeks post-transplant. Subjects were investigated over 3 days; self-testing 16:00h CapBG Days 1 and 2; fasting 08:00h OGTT and HbA1c Day 3. Three and 12 month post-transplant results were obtained from protocol fasting OGTT and HbA1c testing that occurs at these time points in all patients without diabetes at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. Hyperglycaemia was defined as CapBG≥11.1mmol/L, FBG≥7mmol/L, HbA1c≥6.5%, OGTT (FBG≥7mmol/L or 2h post-load≥11.1mmol/L). In 25 subjects investigated 6 weeks post-transplant hyperglycaemia was detected in 48% with 4pm CapBG, 0% with FBG, 4% with HbA1c and 12% with OGTT (Chi-square p<0.0001) (Figure 1a). In 32 subjects investigated 3 months post-transplant hyperglycaemia was detected in 6% with FBG, 19% with HbA1c and 22% with OGTT (p 0.19) (Figure 1b). In 33 subjects investigated 12 months post-transplant hyperglycaemia was detected in 0% with FBG, 6% with HbA1c and 10% with OGTT (p 0.23) (Figure 1c). Afternoon CapBG screening identifies hyperglycaemia unrecognised by OGTT 6 weeks post-transplantation. HbA1c testing appears to be a convenient alternative to OGTT beyond 3 months post-transplantation.